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Automatic Control System by S. Hasan Saeed: A Review
Automatic Control System is a book by S. Hasan Saeed that covers the theory and applications of automatic control systems. The book is divided into 16 chapters that cover topics such as mathematical modeling of physical systems, feedback control system characteristics, stability analysis, root locus technique, frequency response analysis, Nyquist stability criterion, Bode plots, polar plots, Nichols chart, state variable analysis, design of control systems, and digital control systems. The book also includes numerous solved examples, exercises, and multiple choice questions to help the readers test their understanding of the concepts.
The book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate students of engineering who are interested in learning about automatic control systems. The book is also useful for practicing engineers and researchers who want to refresh their knowledge or learn new techniques in this field. The book is written in a simple and clear language that makes it easy to follow and comprehend. The book also provides a comprehensive coverage of the subject matter with a balance between theory and practice.
Automatic Control System by S. Hasan Saeed is available as a PDF file that can be downloaded for free from various online sources[^2^] [^3^]. The book is also published by S. K. Kataria & Sons in 2008 and has 656 pages[^1^]. The book has received positive reviews from the readers who have praised its content, presentation, and pedagogy.Applications of Automatic Control Systems
Automatic control systems are widely used in various fields of science, engineering, and industry to improve the performance, quality, and safety of processes and systems. Automatic control systems can be classified into four main types: two-position controllers (ON/OFF), proportional controllers, integral controllers, and derivative controllers[^4^]. Each type of controller has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the characteristics and requirements of the system to be controlled.
Some examples of applications of automatic control systems are:
Spacecraft control: Automatic control systems are essential for the successful operation of spacecrafts, such as satellites, rockets, and space stations. Automatic control systems are used to determine the position and attitude of the spacecraft using sensors such as computer vision systems or stellar sensors[^2^], and to control the orientation and motion of the spacecraft using actuators such as thrusters or reaction wheels[^2^]. Automatic control systems are also used to perform complex tasks such as docking, landing, or rendezvous with other spacecrafts[^2^].
Biotechnical control: Automatic control systems are also applied to biotechnical processes, such as fermentation, bioreactors, or biosensors. Automatic control systems are used to monitor and regulate the biological variables such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, or biomass concentration[^2^]. Automatic control systems can also implement intelligent algorithms for the automation of complex biotechnical objects, such as artificial organs or prosthetic limbs[^2^].
Pyrolysis control: Pyrolysis is a process of thermal decomposition of organic substances in the absence of oxygen. Pyrolysis can be used to produce biofuels, chemicals, or activated carbon from biomass or waste materials. Automatic control systems are used to control the slow pyrolysis of organic substances with variable composition by adjusting the temperature, pressure, and residence time[^2^]. Automatic control systems can also optimize the pyrolysis process by maximizing the yield and quality of the products[^2^].
Hierarchical system simulation: Hierarchical systems are complex systems that consist of multiple subsystems with different levels of abstraction and interaction. Hierarchical systems can be found in many domains such as social networks, transportation networks, or ecological systems. Automatic control systems can be used to simulate hierarchical systems based on foresight and cognitive modeling techniques[^2^]. Automatic control systems can also analyze the dynamics and behavior of hierarchical systems using methods such as impulse processes identification or cognitive maps[^2^]. 061ffe29dd